Seven questions about the new omicron coronavirus variant

1. How is the new omicron variant different from other coronavirus variants?

The new genovariant of the coronavirus line B.1.1.529, according to the WHO classification, was named "omicron" and was recognized as a variant of concern (VOC).

Mutations in this variant, which have been encountered in various combinations before, affect the transmissibility and contagiousness of the virus, that is, they increase the infectivity of the virus, increase the binding to receptors, potentially increase the penetration of the virus into cells, and affect the increase in infectivity. Therefore, the new variant of the coronavirus really raises serious concerns and requires immediate and comprehensive study.

2. When was the new omicron variant first discovered?

The omicron variant was originally discovered in South Africa. The earliest samples are dated November 9-11, 2021. On November 23, a sequence sample from Hong Kong was uploaded to the GISAID database (sample was taken on November 12, 2021). Another sample was uploaded from Hong Kong on November 25 (dated November 18). A sample from Israel was uploaded on November 27 (November 20). Also on November 27, the whole genome sequence of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, isolated on November 24 in Belgium, was uploaded. More and more countries declare that they have the omicron variant.

3. Has a new omicron variant been discovered in the Russian Federation?

Up to now, there are no confirmed cases of detection of this variant in Russia. Rospotrebnadzor continues to monitor closely.

4. Can existing test systems detect a new omicron strain?

All PCR test systems used in Russia are also effective for detecting the disease with the new omicron strain.

For in-depth laboratory differential diagnostics, the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor has already developed a diagnostic kit since the publication of the genome-wide sequence of the new strain. It will allow not only to confirm the diagnosis, but to determine the belonging of the coronavirus sample to this particular strain.

5. Will those who returned from foreign countries be specially screened for the presence of a new omicron strain?

Today, at the border of the Russian Federation, at airports, free testing is organized for citizens arriving from risky countries – primarily from South Africa, as well as neighboring African states, the People's Republic of China, Great Britain, Israel, Hong Kong and a number of other countries that have announced the detection of the omicron strain.

Citizens who were for personal needs in the African region, primarily in South Africa, will need to observe a 14-day quarantine upon their return. According to operational data, we are talking about several hundred people.

6. Are Russian vaccines effective against the new omicron strain?

Scientists around the world and in the Russian Federation are already studying the features of this strain, including the possibility of neutralizing it with antibodies caused by both vaccination and a previous illness.

7. What preventive measures will help to avoid infection with the new omicron strain?

Prevention measures for the disease, including the new strain, remain the same – first of all, vaccination, revaccination, washing hands, reducing contacts, wearing masks, maintaining social distance, using antiseptics, and regular ventilation.

All of these simple but effective measures are aimed at reducing the likelihood of person-to-person transmission of the virus and will protect your health and the health of your loved ones!